Physics of the Heart Essay -- physics heart

In the US, heart attacks kill more people than any other single cause. Many of the deaths are caused by electrical disturbances in a damaged heart that cause it to fibrillate (Pool). Despite current overwhelming interest in the operations of the human heart, for most of history the human heart has been regarded as a "forbidden organ too delicate to tamper with" (NOVA). In fact, it might have remained so, were it not for World War II where military doctors, faced with massive numbers of injuries ushered the world into our current medical trajectory. Your body has about 5.6 liters of blood. All of this blood circulates through the body three times every minute. In one day, the blood travels a total of 12,000 miles (NOVA). Rhythmic contractions of the heart pump blood occur in response to electrical control pulse sequences. Active cells in the sinoatrial node in the heart trigger a sequence of electrical events that control muscle contractions, which pump the blood. Scientific interest in the heart goes back centuries. Some of the most basic understandings about the operation and specifically the electrical currents of the heart were discussed during the May 17, 1888 Proceedings of the Royal Society of London by Professor J.A. McWilliam of the University of Aberdeen. The following conclusions were based on his studies of mammalian hearts in cats, dogs, rabbits, rats, hedgehogs, and guinea-pigs. * An all or nothing approach to heart contraction o If a stimulus was strong enough to excite contraction, it produced a maximal contraction * The application of interrupted currents induces fibrillar contractions which can be recovered from even after long period under the combined influence of artificial respira... ...n that prevents the heart from immediately contracting again. Bibliography 1. "Cactus Picture" March 16, 2005. 2. Campbell, Neil A. (2002) "Biology" 6th edition. Benjamin Cummings. San Francisco, CA. 3. Kay, Ian. (1998) "Introduction to Animal Physiology" Springer-Verlag New York Inc. 4. McWilliam, J.A. (1888) "On the Rhythm of the Mammalian Heart" Froceedings of the Royal Society of London, Vol. 44, pages 206-208. 5. NOVA. " Cut to the Heart† PBS Online 1997. 6. Pool, Robert. (1990) â€Å"Heart Like a Wheel† Science, Vol. 247, No. 4948, pages 1294-1295. 7. Putnam, Jeremiah L. "Heart Diagram" Professor of Biology. Davidson College. 8. Schmidt-Nielsen, Knut. (1997) "Animal Physiology: Adaptation and environment" Fifth Edition. Cambridge University Press. New York, NY.

Levi Roots

How does Levi Roots use language to sell his product to the dragons? Levi Roots uses spoken language devices to persuade the dragons to invest in his product. He uses a variety of spoken language techniques such as pausing, overlapping, turn taking and accent in order to persuade the dragons. The dragons respond in a warm way, and join in the humour Levi creates throughout the interview; this suggests that Levi root was successful in persuading the dragons. His use of language also sets mood and tone in different situations throughout the interview.As Levi enters the room, he starts to sing a song. This catches the dragon’s attention as they have never been welcomed in such way before. This suggests that they are amused and are willing to hear what Levi has to share with the dragons. There is light humour at the start of the interaction when Levi decides to joke about his own name, ‘My real name (. ) is Keith’ the slight pause may suggest possible reluctance, as h e may feel uncomfortable in sharing his name with other people.However, he may also be pausing for comic effect because he knows what the response will be and how the dragons will react in return. Most of the times, Levi uses pausing to create humour and comic effect, this helps him to create bond with the dragons. Throughout the interview, Levi overlaps the dragons, not mainly because of disagreement but to show that he understands and respects their views and ideas as well as making polite explanations. ‘|Thank you very much (. ) no it’s not it’s my studio name’ Levi overlaps when Theo Paphitis asks if Levi Roots is his ‘real name’.He makes a polite explanation and tells him that his real name is Keith. However, the fact that ‘Levi Roots’ is his studio name shows that he has an original name whom nearly most of the people will call him by. Moreover, the fact that only famous and professional people have studio names shows the dr agons that Levi Roots may be one of them or ‘can’ be one of them in the future if he is able to convince the dragons to invest in his product. Levi’s varies his choices of words and phrases to persuade them. ‘I don’t see me would have†¦ this is an example of Levi’s Jamaican dialect; his spoken language does not suit the context or the situation he is in, but he is able to control it by creating bond with the dragons, through humour. ‘You’ve just you’ve just lost so much credibility,’ this shows that Levi has achieved to create a bond with them as Duncan Bannatyne joins in the humorous tone and is mirroring Levi. ‘Oh dear (. ) right,’ stated by Theo Paphitis, he has become more serious and has returned to his formal tone suggesting that he is ready to talk business with Levi Roots.Realizing that Roots himself can’t create anymore humour, he changes the way he speaks to make a more formal way a nd tries to do his best to convince the dragons that he is a good businessman. However he starts to overlap and pause more often than he did before at the start of the interaction, this shows that he is hesitating and is nervous as he does not want to say something he shouldn’t. It also suggests that he cares in what he has to say, and wants to be seen as a confident, businessman who wants to sell his product. I think Theo must be this handsome guy right in front of me, here’ Levi realizes that things have become more serious, so he tries his best to stay relaxed and bring back the humour so he does not have to hesitate anymore. Levi’s humorous tone shows the dragons that he is being himself and is being as truthful as he can in order to be able to sell his product. By acting this way, Levi is able to get attention from the dragons, making them want to hear more on what Levi has to say, it also makes the interview more interactive as he involves comic and humour as well. Ah sold. I like you already’ this shows that Levi has won one of the dragons over as he is joining in the humour. It also shows that Theo is eager to maintain light-hearted. Also the humorous bond between the two suggests that Levi Roots is charismatic. Moreover, the filler ‘Ah’ suggests that Theo feels confident when talking to Levi, as he does not feel like he has to follow the specific tone and the ‘business talk’ script. This implies that Levi is able to persuade the dragons to buy his product as he is staying light-hearted.It also implies that Levi is able to convince someone like Theo to use fillers, suggesting that they are on the same level and are equal to one another. This is because business people like the dragons rarely use fillers whilst talking and the reason why Levi Roots may be seen as ‘charismatic’ is because he has successfully persuaded him to use filler. When Roots is asked to confirm the carnival sales, h e decides to clarify it’s ‘Notting Hill Carnival’, this implies that he is confident and proud ith what he has produced and done due to the event’s high profile and popularity. Notting Hill Carnival is one of the most famous, and most-visited carnivals of all time, and as Levi Roots has sold Reggae sauce at the carnival shows the dragons that he had good sales and has sold the product to many people. Levi Roots is also specific with his values; this implies enthusiasm and knowledge of his own product. However it also shows that he is a desirable business partner and is someone who can be trusted, which is a way Levi uses to get closer to the dragons. Two and a half thousand bottles at the carnival† this connotates that Duncan is amused by how much Levi has sold at the carnival. He repeats Levi to confirm what has been said once again, and politely Levi overlaps with a ‘yes,’ showing his confidence and that he is certain with the number o f products sold. As things have become more serious, the dragons and as well as Levi take turns to talk, suggesting that they are interested in what others have to say.Levi repeats words more often and feels like he has to pause more because he knows that the dragons are focused on him and is taking his words more seriously than they used to at the start of the interaction. â€Å"Yes at the moment I make it at my home in my kitchen and my children help me and an we just sort of do it as a family† it comes to a point where Duncan B. asks Levi where he makes the sauce. Making it at home suggest amateur operation so his nerves are beginning to show.Although Levi was trying to stay focused on his words and tone, he loses control as he is nervous and goes back to his informal tone of language. This shows the dragons that he is hesitating and is more nervous because he is scared to hear what their responses will be as it is more likely to be negative. However he may also be perceiv ed positively as he ‘is’ a good family man with attractive qualities who spends time with family. Also ragae sauce may be the reason which keeps the family together, also this may leave the dragons in awe. This will secure the investment as

Difference Between Counselling and Mentoring

Mentoring are both to do with helping people to develop. Counseling helps people to develop with the emotional concern in a safe and trusting relationship. For example, one of the staff In the Restaurant that I work In was worried about his father being ill in India. He wanted to go and see his father to see how he was progressing with medical treatment. He was also worried that his father is old at the age of 85 and that he might die.He was also worried whether they had enough money in India to look after his father well. So all the staff supported him by counseling and asking him questions about his father and his family in India. We asked him whether he had enough money to send to India for his father's treatment. We asked him whether he had enough money to pay for the trip to India. We asked him which hospital his father was in and Is It a good hospital. We asked him what kind of treatment his father Is getting.We asked him whether can afford to take time off work to evils India. According professional counselors, counseling is about asking questions and not serially giving answers or making suggestions. For example, if we were to suggest that he go to India tomorrow and then find out that his father recovers fairly quickly, our friend may feel that his Journey was waste of time and when he was to come back he might blame us for him loosing two weeks pay from work and also for wasting money on the trip.That's why when counseling we don't make suggestions but let the person decide for themselves as what they should do about the problem. This makes sure that they are responsible for their decisions and consequences. Mentoring Mentoring allows a person to turn to another more experienced person on a regular basis to develop their own skills and ability In the work place.For example, when I started working in the restaurant I had no idea how to work as a waiter, so I was told by the management that I could talk to a colleague who had been a waiter for three yea rs in India and ELK. He explained to me what a good waiter does and how he treats the customer. Mentoring encourages a person to do what's right for them. For example, my mentor told me that the customer is very important, so I decided make sure that I talk to the customers about curries, about India and about News stories.I want them feel they are my friends and that I know them as a friend. For me mentoring provided regular time to talk to my mentor and discuss new ways work shift I usually have a discussion with my mentor about how I worked each right. I feel safe to discuss things to do with developing the business with my mentor rather than with my manager. My mentor and I have developed a relationship which helps me with my professional development through support and understanding. My mentor and I have become more like friends at the work.

The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison Essay Example

The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison Essay Example The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison Paper The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison Paper Jeffrey Reiman, author of The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison, first published his book in 1979; it is now in its sixth edition, and he has continued to revise it as he keeps up on criminal justice statistics and other trends in the system. Reiman originally wrote his book after teaching for seven years at the School of Justice (formerly the Center for the Administration of Justice), which is a multidisciplinary, criminal justice education program at American University in Washington, D. C. He drew heavily from what he had learned from his colleagues at that university. Reiman is the William Fraser McDowell Professor of Philosophy at American University, where he has taught since 1970. He has written numerous books on political philosophy, criminology, and sociology. Reiman states his thesis in the Introduction. He claims that the goal of the American criminal justice system is not to eliminate crime- or even to achieve justice- but to project to the people an image of the idea that the threat of crime eminates from the poor. The system must maintain a large population of poor criminals, and to this end, it must not reduce or eliminate the crimes that poor people commit. When crime declines, it is not because of our criminal justice policies, but in spite of them. In testing this idea, Reiman had his students construct a correctional system that would maintain a stable and visible group of criminals, rather than eliminating or reducing crime, and they suggested the following: enact laws against drug abuse, prostitution, and gambling; ive police, prosecutors, and judges broad discretion in deciding who gets arrested, charged, and sentenced to prison; make the prison experience demeaning; do not train prisoners for jobs after release; deprive offenders of certain rights for the rest of their lives. The system that emerges is what we have today. In the chapter, Crime Control in America, Reiman suggests that the system has been designed to fail. Imprisoning drug offenders, for instance, does nothing to reduce the number of drug offenders in society because they are immediately replaced. The decline in violent crime is more attributable to demographic changes than to enforcement efforts. Most of the decline in crime results from forces beyond the control of the criminal justice systems. Reiman also feels that we could reduce crime if we wanted to do so, and that our excuses are not really answers to the problem, but merely excuses to explain why the system fails. We know the causes of crime- poverty, prison, and drugs- yet we do nothing to change how these things operate, such as banning guns and decriminalizing drugs. In the chapter, A Crime by Any Other Name . . . Reiman considers how language is used to identify some actions, and he argues that such things as workplace-related deaths that could be prevented should be considered crimes, as well. As far as the criminal justice system is concerned, the face of crime is young, male, poor, and black. Reiman believes that the criminal justice system helps create this reality, projecting a particular image of crime and hiding the larger reality of social injustice and even white-collar crime. They identify crime as a direct, personal assault and ignore many other damages caused by carelessness and greed of a different order. Reiman details threats from the workplace, the health care system, the use of chemicals by various companies, and poverty itself, none of which are considered crimes. Reiman feels that the criminal justice system distorts the image of what truly threatens society. In the chapter, . . . And the Poor Get Prison, Reiman points out what many have noted- that the offender in prison is most likely someone from one of the lowest social and economic groups in the nation. The poor are more likely to be arrested for a particular crime, while wealthier people are merely warned. Reiman uses evidence of the differential treatment of blacks for several reasons: 1) blacks are disproportionately poor; 2) the factors that are most likely to keep an offender out of prison do not apply to poor blacks; 3) blacks and whites in prison come from the same general socio-economic status; 4) race adds to the effects of economic condition; and 5) the economic powers in America could end or reduce racist bias in the criminal justice system if they wanted to do so. Reiman believes they see it as to their economic advantage not to curb crime. He inds that police, prosecutors, and judges all make certain that the poor are more likely to go to prison than the well-to-do. This should not be the case, given that white-collar crime is costly, widespread, and rarely punished. Even when arrested and convicted, white-collar criminals do not do the same amount of time as the poor, and do not go to the same prisons. In his chapter, To the Vanquished Belong the Spoils, Reiman considers w hy the criminal justice system is failing and finds that it is not an accident, but rather an intentional action by the rich and powerful to keep the system operating as it is. He does not say this is a conspiracy and offers reasons why a conspiracy theory does not explain what has happened. The poor are more likely to be victims, as well, and they lack the money or power to change the system in any way. On the other hand, those who are in a position to change the system are not in enough jeopardy to initiate change. The criminal justice system is extremely visible in American society and popular culture, and there is an ideology of criminal justice that is implicit, concentrating on individual wrong-doers and directing our attention away from social institutions and their actions. This distorts the nature and reality of the problem facing society. Because there is an association between crime and poverty in the popular mind, there is also a bias against the poor. In the concluding chapter, Reiman considers what he calls the Crime of Justice, or the crime society is perpetrating against the poor and powerless by allowing the system to continue as structured, and, in effect, create crime rather than reducing it. The goals of protecting society and promoting justice are both ill-served under the current system. Taken as a whole, Reimans book puts forth a solid argument that the system does not serve the public as presently constituted, and the proof is not merely in growing or diminishing crime rates, but in incorporating a broader concept of social justice into the system itself. Certain specific actions might be taken, such as decriminalizing drugs or reducing the number of guns in circulation, but clearly each of these ideas has massive opposition waiting to stop any such effort. Reimans concept of social justice is more n keeping with sociological theories that find systemic reasons for crime, which is quite different from the prevailing individual actor theories that are so embedded in the system. Reiman is less convincing in the way he describes the system as intentionally bias, for he makes it sound as if it were an organized conspiracy. That is simply not the case. The book is provocative and has many good ideas, including a thorough analysis of the current criminal justice system a nd how that system may b changed to better represent, serve, and protect ALL Americans.

How to Write an Accounting Scholarship Essay

How to Write an Accounting Scholarship Essay How to Write an Accounting Scholarship Essay When writing a good Accounting scholarship essay it is important for the writer to read and understand the instructions. This is to make sure one knows well the accounting topic before he or she can start writing. Instructions form the basis or the guideline for which direction the writer will form his or her argument in the accounting subject. This must be followed when the writer is thinking about what he or she is going to write about. In this case the subject is an accounting scholarship essay. It helps for the writer to plan and organize his or her thoughts prior to beginning writing. This is for proper coherence of ideas in the essay. This should be immediately followed by the process of making an outline which helps the writer to organize and streamline thoughts and ideas from the beginning to the end of the essay. Accounting is normally a topic which must be well fitted with specific terms. For one to win a scholarship by writing an accounting essay he or she has to demonstrate that he has more passion and zeal to pursue the course than the rest. A scholarship does not come on a silver plate, it must be earned. A good way to begin writing this essay could be by brainstorming and creating an outline of the relevant ideas to include. Therefore, the writer must see to it that the outline includes all the elements as written in the instructions. The accounting scholarship essay should explain and elaborate in detail every point in the outline. Moreover, accounting scholarship essays must make use of a clear, precise and simplified accounting terminology. Throughout the entire essay the writer has to show some level of maturity in the accounting subject. He or she must be in a position to state and clarify his or her accomplishments in accounting without necessarily showing signs of bragging. The accomplishments in accounting might be the key to winning the scholarship. Furthermore, the writer should see to it that his or her language in accounting is impeccable and without any grammatical mistakes and errors. The question on the accounting scholarship essay must be well addressed and straight to the point, as opposed to throwing ideas here and there without any reliable evidence. To perfect this, there is need for the writer to read the question several times and go through the essay to be sure of what the essay addresses. There should little generalization of the topic or ideas. Lastly, the writer must have someone with p rofound writing and editing experience to proofread the Accounting scholarship essay before it is submitted.

Managing Organizational Design and Change Essay

Managing Organizational Design and Change - Essay Example Developing the scenarios is one of the main strategic planning processes for the managers of a company. A company needs to develop its business strategy based on the analysis of different possible scenarios in order to get an awareness of threats and challenges that may occur in future. This process of analyzing all possible future scenarios while developing strategies or defining short-term and long-term goals holds an important place in ensuring success of a company. The planners need to rank the possible scenarios considering all internal and external factors and positive and negative consequences of each factor. The planners also need to identify commonness in all possible future scenarios in order to prepare in advance for the potential outcomes of the scenarios. Some of the most common benefits of ranking the scenarios include selecting the best possible business strategy, identification of possible threats and challenges to the business, identification of the competitors, desi gning a result-oriented marketing strategy, and achievement of business goals and objectives by designing a good business strategy based on the analysis of scenarios. Answer: No: 2 Strategic drift refers to the flaws in a strategy, which prove their existence when the strategy cannot go along with the changes in the environment. Strategic drift occurs when the pace of strategy is not fast enough to keep up with the pace of the changing environment. Two important factors, which create strategic drift for a company, include culture and history. History of a company plays a significant role in shaping the overall culture of the company. If the managers neglect the importance of history while developing a strategy for the company,... This essay stresses that a company’s goals never depend on design and strategy of a company rather it is design, which depends on a company’s goals because organizational design is developed to meet the company’s goals. Understanding of goals makes it easy to organize the company’s functions accordingly. A balanced scorecard focuses on entire business strategy in order to judge the performance of the organizations. It translates business strategies into measurable objectives and outcomes. The four main perspectives measured by balanced scorecard system include internal business processes, customer relations, financial processes, and innovation and growth. This report makes a conclusion that management of organizational design and change is a very important aspect of managing an organization. Strategy of a business plays a vital role in the success of a business. No company can ever be successful without developing an effective business strategy. A number of issues are related to business strategies, which managers need to understand properly in order to run the businesses successfully. Some of those issues include ranking of scenarios, strategic drift, lack of proper knowledge, integration of quality systems in business strategies, and business scorecards. Managers need to consider these issues while developing business strategies in order to make the strategies effective and successful.

Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 41

Journal - Essay Example Indeed, how he hated people and their foolishness. As the man entered his home, he thought about the burden of being a teacher, having to deal with ignorance and human incompetency as a regular daily obligation. He shuddered with contempt at the very idea. As he chewed these thoughts in his mind, he turned toward the television and clicked it to the local news. Glancing at the clock, he noticed that it was approaching 11am; almost time for lunch. For a moment, he watched as the excited woman dressed in a blue uniform smiled profusely and waved frantically at the camera, clearly excited to be a part of her newsworthy adventure. Jealous of her happiness, he clicked off the television. As the man reached into the mayonnaise jar to coat his favorite sandwich concoction, he formulated his last thought on Earth as his ceiling suddenly exploded onto his head, crushing the life out of him forever. In 30 minutes, as rescue workers began a frantic search for survivors, neighbors grimaced as a hunk of steel painted with one remark was resurrected from the debris. As if a prophetic vision of human justice, the word â€Å"Challenger† was quite